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The liver is recognized as the largest solid organ in the human body due to its significant size and functional capacity. It plays a critical role in various metabolic processes, including the production of bile, metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats, and detoxification of harmful substances. In healthy adults, the liver typically weighs about 1.5 kilograms (3.3 pounds) and occupies a substantial area in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.

Other organs listed, such as the brain, pancreas, and spleen, while important, do not match the mass or volume of the liver. The brain, although vital and complex, is categorized as the largest organ in terms of volume and encompasses the central nervous system. The pancreas, mainly involved in digestive and endocrine functions, is significantly smaller than the liver, and the spleen, which is responsible for filtering blood and immune responses, also does not come close in size to the liver. Thus, the liver's unparalleled size and extensive range of functions solidify its position as the largest solid organ in the human body.