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What lab test is primarily used to diagnose anemia?

Complete blood count (CBC)

The complete blood count (CBC) is primarily used to diagnose anemia because it provides essential information about various components of the blood, particularly the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Hemoglobin levels indicate the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, while the hematocrit measures the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells. When these values are below normal ranges, it is indicative of anemia.

In contrast, the comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), electrolyte panel, and liver function tests do not specifically focus on blood components that relate directly to the diagnosis of anemia. The CMP evaluates glucose, calcium, kidney function, and hepatic function among other things, while the electrolyte panel assesses levels of important electrolytes like sodium and potassium, and liver function tests measure liver enzymes and proteins. None of these tests provide a direct assessment of red blood cell production or function, making the CBC the most appropriate choice for diagnosing anemia.

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Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Electrolyte panel

Liver function tests

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